Backpacking Gear Guide for Beginners and Youth Groups

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Eric Isaacson

The Big Three, made simple: how to choose and size a backpack, sleeping bag, and sleeping pad for youth and adults, plus where to find gear without buying new.

Getting into backpacking does not require a garage full of expensive gear. For most first trips, three things make or break the experience: your backpack, your sleeping bag, and your sleeping pad. Outdoor folks call these the “Big Three.” Get these right and the rest is easy.

Before you spend a dollar: you probably need to buy less than you think. Borrowing, renting, and buying used covers most people, and a pack that fits a smaller person matters far more than a pack that is new.

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Start with the load, not the label

The most common mistake is buying a pack that is too big. Capacity should match what a person actually carries.

  • Carrying only your own gear (sleeping bag, pad, clothes, water) while someone else hauls the tents and food? A 30 to 40 liter pack is plenty.
  • Carrying shared group gear (tents, stove, food)? Step up to 50 to 65 liters.

A good weight target for a younger or smaller hiker is 15 to 20 percent of body weight. A 70 pound hiker should top out around 10 to 14 pounds loaded. A short packing list, plus refilling water along the trail instead of carrying a lot at once, keeps the smallest hikers comfortable.

The backpack

What to look for:

  • An internal frame to carry weight close to the body.
  • A padded hip belt that wraps the top of the hip bones. This carries the load. Your shoulders only steady it.
  • An adjustable torso, which matters most for growing kids. One pack fits now and keeps fitting next year.
  • A fit based on torso length, not height.

How to measure torso length: tip the head forward, find the bony bump at the base of the neck, and measure straight down the spine to an imaginary line between the tops of the hip bones. That number, in inches, is what pack makers list for each size.

School backpacks, hydration packs, and small daypacks will not carry an overnight load comfortably. They lack the frame and hip belt that move weight onto the hips.

Starting points (borrow or buy used first):

The sleeping bag

What to look for:

  • A lightweight backpacking bag rated around 30 to 40 degrees. Nights get cold at elevation even in summer, and a little margin keeps everyone sleeping.
  • A mummy shape (narrower at the feet) that traps warmth and packs down to about the size of a loaf of bread.
  • Fill: synthetic is cheaper and handles damp better; down is lighter and packs smaller but costs more. Either works.

Leave home the big rectangular bags made for sleepovers and car camping. They are heavy, they do not pack down, and they will not fit in a backpack.

Starting points:

The sleeping pad

A pad does two jobs. It cushions you from the ground, and more importantly it insulates you from the cold ground, which otherwise pulls heat out of your body all night. That insulation is measured as R-value (higher is warmer). For summer trips at elevation, look for an R-value around 2 or higher.

Three types work for backpacking:

  • Closed cell foam (like the Therm-a-Rest Z-Lite): accordion folding foam. Cheapest, lightest, impossible to pop, but bulky on the outside of the pack.
  • Inflatable air pad (like the Therm-a-Rest NeoAir or Sea to Summit Ultralight): you blow it up. Most comfortable and packs to the size of a water bottle, but it costs more and can be punctured.
  • Self inflating (the classic Therm-a-Rest style): open a valve and it puffs up. Middle ground on price, weight, and comfort.

Not suitable: pool floaties and full size air mattresses. They have no insulation value and will leave a sleeper cold all night no matter how thick they are.

Starting points:

You do not have to buy new

Before buying anything, check these:

  • Borrow. A trip leader or a friend who backpacks often has a spare pack or pad.
  • REI Used Gear (rei.com/used): returned and lightly used gear at a steep discount.
  • Facebook Marketplace and local gear consignment: packs and bags turn over constantly, especially at the end of summer.

A used pack that fits beats a new pack that does not.

Making a first backpacking trip work

The gear is only half of it. How you plan the trip decides how much everyone carries and how much fun they have. A few things set a first outing up to succeed, especially for younger hikers:

  • Backpack to a base camp, then day hike from there. Carry the full pack only a short distance to camp, then explore with a light daypack. Legs stay fresh and the heavy weight is off their backs for most of the trip.
  • Follow the water. Route the hike along creeks or lakes where you can filter and refill. Then nobody carries more than a bottle or two at a time, which matters because water is heavy at about 2 pounds per liter.
  • Share the load. Adults and older teens carry the group gear (tents, stove, food) while the smallest hikers carry only their own personal gear. Aim to keep each person under 15 to 20 percent of their body weight.
  • Keep the miles short. A gentle first trip that ends in success beats a long slog that ends in blisters. Save the big mileage for after they are hooked.
  • Pick a destination with a payoff. A lake, a summit, an overlook, or a place to swim gives kids a reason to keep walking and a memory to take home.
  • Test gear at home first. Have each hiker load the pack and wear it, inflate the pad, and sleep a night in the bag before the trip. Surprises are better found in the backyard than on the trail.
  • Plan for cold nights and changing weather. A 30 to 40 degree bag, an insulating pad, a warm layer, and a rain cover keep one rough night from ruining the trip.
  • Practice Leave No Trace. Teach the group to pack out everything and tread lightly, so these places stay worth returning to.

Dial in the Big Three, keep the load light, and a first backpacking trip becomes something a new hiker actually wants to do again.

Further reading

Want to go deeper on any one piece of the kit? These are the guides we trust:

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